LGD-4033
Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator | Lean Mass
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LGD-4033 (Ligandrol) is a nonsteroidal investigational selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) originally developed by Ligand Pharmaceuticals and later licensed to Viking Therapeutics (under the designation VK5211). It is one of the most widely studied SARMs in clinical trials, having completed Phase 1 safety studies in healthy volunteers and a Phase 2 trial evaluating its efficacy in patients recovering from hip fracture surgery. LGD-4033 was designed to provide anabolic benefits, specifically increased lean muscle mass and improved physical function, with reduced androgenic side effects compared to testosterone. In clinical studies, it demonstrated dose-dependent increases in lean body mass, leg press strength, and stair-climbing speed in hip fracture patients. LGD-4033 is broadly considered the most potent SARM for lean mass accrual, exceeding Ostarine (MK-2866) in anabolic potency at comparable doses. Despite promising clinical data, LGD-4033 is not approved by any regulatory agency for any medical indication. Its widespread use in performance enhancement contexts is based on a combination of clinical trial data, preclinical studies, and anecdotal reports.
LGD-4033 binds to the androgen receptor with high affinity (Ki of approximately 1 nM), functioning as a potent and selective agonist in muscle and bone tissue. Like other SARMs, its tissue selectivity is mediated by differential cofactor recruitment: upon binding to the AR, LGD-4033 induces a receptor conformation that preferentially recruits coactivators expressed in skeletal muscle and bone, while showing minimal agonist activity in androgen-sensitive tissues such as the prostate and skin. In preclinical studies, LGD-4033 produced dose-dependent increases in muscle mass (levator ani weight) with significantly less stimulation of prostate weight compared to testosterone. At the molecular level, AR activation by LGD-4033 drives gene transcription pathways involved in protein synthesis, nitrogen retention, and myogenic differentiation in skeletal muscle. The compound also promotes osteoblast activity and bone mineral density through AR signaling in bone tissue. LGD-4033 does not undergo aromatization to estrogen and is not a substrate for 5-alpha reductase, so it does not produce estrogenic side effects (gynecomastia, water retention from estrogen) or DHT-mediated side effects (prostate enlargement, androgenic alopecia). However, as a potent exogenous AR agonist, LGD-4033 suppresses endogenous testosterone production through negative feedback on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in a dose-dependent manner. This suppression is generally considered more pronounced than that caused by Ostarine at equivalent effective doses, consistent with its greater AR binding affinity and anabolic potency.
Molecular Data
Research Indications
LGD-4033 is widely regarded as the most potent SARM for lean mass accrual. In the Phase 2 VK5211 trial in hip fracture patients, subjects receiving 1 mg/day gained an average of 1.21 kg of lean body mass over 12 weeks. Higher doses in healthy volunteer studies have shown even greater lean mass increases. Users consistently report LGD-4033 as superior to Ostarine for mass-building purposes.
Clinical trial data demonstrated statistically significant improvements in leg press strength in hip fracture patients treated with LGD-4033. Anecdotal reports consistently describe notable strength increases within 3-4 weeks, particularly in compound movements. Strength gains are dose-dependent.
The anabolic activity of LGD-4033 without estrogenic water retention makes it suitable for simultaneous lean mass gain and fat reduction. Some water retention can occur due to the compound itself (non-estrogenic mechanism), but overall body composition changes favor a recomposition effect. Clinical data shows favorable shifts in lean-to-fat mass ratio.
Viking Therapeutics conducted a Phase 2 trial (VK5211) evaluating LGD-4033 in patients recovering from hip fracture surgery. The trial met its primary endpoint, demonstrating dose-dependent increases in lean body mass at 12 weeks. Secondary endpoints including leg press strength and stair-climbing speed also showed statistically significant improvements versus placebo.
Originally developed for conditions involving muscle wasting and age-related muscle loss. Preclinical and early clinical data support the potential to preserve or restore muscle mass in catabolic states. The hip fracture trial results are directly relevant to sarcopenia and frailty in elderly populations.
Preclinical data demonstrates that LGD-4033 increases bone mineral density and bone formation markers through direct AR-mediated signaling in osteoblasts. While no dedicated human trial has been completed for this indication, the mechanism supports potential utility in osteoporosis, particularly in populations where traditional androgen therapy is contraindicated.
Dosing Protocols
LGD-4033 is administered exclusively via the oral route. It is available as a liquid solution (typically dissolved in PEG-400, ethanol, or DMSO carriers) or in capsule form from research chemical suppliers. The compound has high oral bioavailability and its half-life of approximately 24-36 hours supports once-daily dosing. Steady-state plasma concentrations are typically achieved within 5-7 days of consistent dosing.
| Goal | Dose | Frequency | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| Research Dose - Conservative | 5 mg/day | Once daily | Oral (liquid or capsule) |
| Research Dose - Moderate | 10 mg/day | Once daily | Oral (liquid or capsule) |
| Research Dose - Upper Range | 15-20 mg/day | Once daily | Oral (liquid or capsule) |
Interactions
What to Expect
Side Effects & Safety
Common Side Effects
- Testosterone suppression (dose-dependent; more suppressive than Ostarine at equivalent doses, occurs in most users by week 4-6)
- Water retention (non-estrogenic mechanism, typically mild to moderate, contributes to scale weight increase)
- HDL cholesterol reduction (dose-dependent lipid impact observed in clinical trials)
- Headaches (most common in the first 1-2 weeks, usually transient)
- Fatigue or lethargy (related to testosterone suppression, typically becomes noticeable mid-cycle)
- Reduced libido (related to HPG axis suppression, severity varies by dose and individual)
Stop Signs - Discontinue if:
- Jaundice (yellowing of skin or eyes) indicating significant liver injury
- Severe or persistent lethargy unresponsive to rest
- Chest pain, tightness, or palpitations
- Dark-colored urine (potential sign of liver damage or rhabdomyolysis)
- Severe abdominal pain or persistent nausea/vomiting
- Signs of allergic reaction: rash, swelling, difficulty breathing
- Significant edema or rapid unexplained weight gain
Contraindications
- Pre-existing liver disease or elevated liver enzymes at baseline
- Hormone-sensitive cancers (prostate cancer or other androgen-driven malignancies)
- Pregnancy or potential pregnancy (teratogenic risk from androgen receptor agonism)
- Breastfeeding
- Age under 25 (incomplete endocrine system maturation and higher risk of HPG axis disruption)
- Concurrent use of hepatotoxic medications without medical supervision
- Known cardiovascular disease (insufficient long-term safety data for this population)
- History of significant lipid abnormalities (LGD-4033 suppresses HDL)
Quality Checklist
Good Signs
- Third-party lab tested with certificate of analysis (COA) showing purity above 98%
- Clearly labeled with compound name, concentration, batch number, and expiration date
- Solution is clear and free of particulate matter or discoloration
- Sold as a research chemical with appropriate disclaimers (not marketed for human consumption)
- Supplier provides HPLC or mass spectrometry verification of identity and purity
Warning Signs
- No third-party testing or certificate of analysis available
- Sold in pre-made capsules without verifiable dosing accuracy
- Concentration claims that vary between batches from the same supplier
- Marketed with explicit performance enhancement claims (regulatory red flag)
- Unusually low pricing compared to established research chemical suppliers
Bad Signs
- Cloudy, discolored, or precipitated solution indicating degradation or contamination
- No labeling, incorrect labeling, or missing batch/lot information
- Supplier has no verifiable reputation, reviews, or testing history
- Product tested by independent labs showing underdosed, mislabeled, or contaminated contents
- Contains unlisted active ingredients or adulterants (a well-documented problem in the SARM market)
- Sold by a source that also sells controlled substances (legal risk indicator)
References
- The Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Effects of LGD-4033, a Novel Nonsteroidal Oral, Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator, in Healthy Young MenBasaria, S., Collins, L., Dillon, E.L., et al.The Journals of Gerontology: Series A (2013)
First-in-human Phase 1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of LGD-4033 in 76 healthy young men. LGD-4033 was well tolerated with no serious adverse events. Dose-dependent increases in lean body mass were observed (up to 1.21 kg at 1.0 mg/day over 21 days). Testosterone, FSH, and SHBG were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner, with recovery after discontinuation. No significant changes in PSA, hematocrit, or liver enzymes were observed.
- Viking Therapeutics Reports Positive Top-Line Results from Phase 2 Study of VK5211 in Patients Recovering from Hip FractureViking Therapeutics, Inc.Press Release / Clinical Trial Results (2018)
Phase 2 double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of VK5211 (LGD-4033) in 108 patients recovering from hip fracture surgery. All three dose groups (0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.0 mg) showed statistically significant increases in lean body mass versus placebo at 12 weeks. The 1.0 mg group also demonstrated significant improvements in functional measures including leg press strength and stair-climbing speed. The compound was well tolerated across all dose groups.
- Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators: Current Knowledge and Clinical ApplicationsNarayanan, R., Coss, C.C., Dalton, J.T.Sexual Medicine Reviews (2018)
Comprehensive review of SARM pharmacology and clinical development. Discusses the mechanism of tissue selectivity, preclinical and clinical efficacy data for various SARMs including LGD-4033, and the therapeutic potential for muscle wasting, osteoporosis, and frailty. Notes LGD-4033 as one of the most clinically advanced SARMs with robust Phase 1 and Phase 2 data.
- Drug-Induced Liver Injury Associated with the Use of Selective Androgen Receptor ModulatorsFlores, J.E., Chitturi, S., Walker, N.I.Hepatology Communications (2020)
Case series documenting clinically significant drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in individuals using SARMs. While RAD-140 was more frequently implicated, LGD-4033 was also associated with hepatotoxicity events. The cases highlight the risk of using unregulated SARM products, which may contain impurities or undisclosed compounds that exacerbate liver injury risk.
- Body Composition and Functional Outcomes Following Treatment with LGD-4033 (VK5211): Insights from a Phase 2 Hip Fracture TrialCrawford, J., Prado, C.M., Johnston, M.A., et al.Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (2020)
Detailed analysis of body composition outcomes from the Phase 2 VK5211 hip fracture trial. Confirmed dose-dependent increases in appendicular lean mass measured by DXA, with the 1.0 mg dose group showing the most favorable overall profile of efficacy and safety. Functional improvements correlated with lean mass gains, supporting the clinical relevance of body composition changes.
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Disclaimer
This information is for educational and research purposes only. Consult a healthcare professional before use.