Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4)

43-Amino Acid Regenerative Peptide | Tissue Repair & Healing

Weight: 4,963.44 Da
Half-life: Dose-dependent; relatively short (exact values not established)
Chain: 43 amino acids
4 studies
2016 latest
Well Studied
Dose 2-6mg per injection (varies by protocol and severity)
Frequency Daily for acute healing, 2x weekly for maintenance/chronic conditions
Cycle 2-12 weeks depending on healing needs
Storage Reconstituted: 2-8°C, use within 14 days

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Naturally occurring 43-amino acid peptide crucial for tissue repair, wound healing, and cellular regeneration. Promotes angiogenesis, reduces inflammation, and supports cell migration and differentiation.

Mechanism of Action

Direct systemic delivery provides optimal bioavailability and distribution to target tissues for comprehensive regenerative effects including angiogenesis, cell migration, and differentiation.

01 Systemic regenerative effects
02 Proven clinical efficacy
03 Optimal bioavailability for tissue repair
04 Promotes angiogenesis
05 Reduces inflammation

Molecular Data

Molecular Weight
4,963.44 Da
Chain Length
43 amino acids
Type
Thymosin peptide
Amino Acid Sequence
One-letter: ?SDKPDMAEIEKFDKSKLKKTETQEKNPLPSKETIEQEKQAGES
H₂N
H
? 1
O ‖ C
N
S 2
O ‖ C
N
D 3
O ‖ C
N
K 4
O ‖ C
N
P 5
O ‖ C
N
D 6
O ‖ C
N
M 7
O ‖ C
N
A 8
O ‖ C
N
E 9
O ‖ C
N
I 10
O ‖ C
N
E 11
O ‖ C
N
K 12
O ‖ C
N
F 13
O ‖ C
N
D 14
O ‖ C
N
K 15
O ‖ C
N
S 16
O ‖ C
N
K 17
O ‖ C
N
L 18
O ‖ C
N
K 19
O ‖ C
N
K 20
O ‖ C
N
T 21
O ‖ C
N
E 22
O ‖ C
N
T 23
O ‖ C
N
Q 24
O ‖ C
N
E 25
O ‖ C
N
K 26
O ‖ C
N
N 27
O ‖ C
N
P 28
O ‖ C
N
L 29
O ‖ C
N
P 30
O ‖ C
N
S 31
O ‖ C
N
K 32
O ‖ C
N
E 33
O ‖ C
N
T 34
O ‖ C
N
I 35
O ‖ C
N
E 36
O ‖ C
N
Q 37
O ‖ C
N
E 38
O ‖ C
N
K 39
O ‖ C
N
Q 40
O ‖ C
N
A 41
O ‖ C
N
H
G 42
O ‖ C
N
E 43
O ‖ C
N
S 44
COOH
Ac
1

Ac

Position 1

Ser
2

Serine

Position 2

Asp
3

Aspartic Acid

Position 3

Lys
4

Lysine

Position 4

Pro
5

Proline

Position 5

Asp
6

Aspartic Acid

Position 6

Met
7

Methionine

Position 7

Ala
8

Alanine

Position 8

Glu
9

Glutamic Acid

Position 9

Ile
10

Isoleucine

Position 10

Glu
11

Glutamic Acid

Position 11

Lys
12

Lysine

Position 12

Phe
13

Phenylalanine

Position 13

Asp
14

Aspartic Acid

Position 14

Lys
15

Lysine

Position 15

Ser
16

Serine

Position 16

Lys
17

Lysine

Position 17

Leu
18

Leucine

Position 18

Lys
19

Lysine

Position 19

Lys
20

Lysine

Position 20

Thr
21

Threonine

Position 21

Glu
22

Glutamic Acid

Position 22

Thr
23

Threonine

Position 23

Gln
24

Glutamine

Position 24

Glu
25

Glutamic Acid

Position 25

Lys
26

Lysine

Position 26

Asn
27

Asparagine

Position 27

Pro
28

Proline

Position 28

Leu
29

Leucine

Position 29

Pro
30

Proline

Position 30

Ser
31

Serine

Position 31

Lys
32

Lysine

Position 32

Glu
33

Glutamic Acid

Position 33

Thr
34

Threonine

Position 34

Ile
35

Isoleucine

Position 35

Glu
36

Glutamic Acid

Position 36

Gln
37

Glutamine

Position 37

Glu
38

Glutamic Acid

Position 38

Lys
39

Lysine

Position 39

Gln
40

Glutamine

Position 40

Ala
41

Alanine

Position 41

Gly
42

Glycine

Position 42

Glu
43

Glutamic Acid

Position 43

Ser
44

Serine

Position 44

N-terminus C-terminus
Hydrophobic
Polar
Positive (+)
Negative (-)
Modified

Research Indications

Tissue Repair
Wound Healing Acceleration most effective

Clinical trials show 67% complete healing versus 25% placebo in pressure ulcers.

Post-Surgical Recovery most effective

Enhanced tissue regeneration and reduced healing time in surgical wounds.

Soft Tissue Injury Repair most effective

Accelerated recovery in muscle, tendon, and ligament injuries.

Cardiovascular
Cardiac Protection Post-MI effective

Phase 2b trials show 43% reduction in infarct size when given within 6 hours.

Neuroprotection
Stroke Recovery Enhancement moderate

Improved neurological outcomes and functional recovery in animal models.

Dosing Protocols

Systemic regenerative effects with proven clinical efficacy and optimal bioavailability.

GoalDoseFrequencyRoute
Acute Wound Healing1.6mgDailySubQ
Cardiac Protection42mgSingle doseIV bolus within 6 hours of MI
Chronic Tissue Repair6mgTwice weeklySubQ
Neurological Recovery30mgThree times over 72 hoursIV infusion
General Regeneration2-5mgDaily or every other daySubQ

Reconstitution Instructions

Materials Needed:
  • Thymosin β4 lyophilized powder (sterile vial)
  • Bacteriostatic water for injection (BWFI)
  • Sterile syringes and needles
  • Alcohol swabs and sterile gauze
  1. 1 Allow lyophilized powder to reach room temperature before reconstitution
  2. 2 Add bacteriostatic water slowly to vial wall, avoiding direct powder contact
  3. 3 Gently swirl (do not shake vigorously) until completely dissolved
  4. 4 Inspect solution for clarity—should be clear and colorless
  5. 5 Store reconstituted solution at 2-8°C and use within 14 days
  6. 6 Use proper aseptic technique and rotate injection sites

Interactions

++
TB-500
TB-500 is the bioactive fragment of Thymosin β4. Combined use provides full-length peptide benefits plus concentrated bioactive effects.
synergistic
++
BPC-157
Complementary healing mechanisms—Tβ4 promotes cell migration and angiogenesis while BPC-157 enhances gastric protection.
synergistic
+
Growth Hormone
No direct interactions reported. Both promote tissue repair through different pathways.
compatible
+
IGF-1
Complementary growth factor effects without direct interaction.
compatible
~
Corticosteroids
Steroids may reduce effectiveness by inhibiting inflammatory responses necessary for optimal healing.
monitor
~
Anticoagulants
Tβ4 promotes angiogenesis which may affect bleeding risk. Monitor coagulation parameters.
monitor
!
Chemotherapy
Theoretical concern about promoting angiogenesis in cancer patients. Avoid during active chemotherapy.
avoid

What to Expect

Week 1-2
Initial tissue response, possible mild injection site reactions
Week 2-4
Accelerated healing becomes apparent, reduced inflammation
Week 4-8
Significant tissue regeneration and functional improvement
Week 8-12
Sustained benefits and near-complete healing in responsive conditions

Side Effects & Safety

Common Side Effects

  • Mild injection site reactions
  • Local inflammation at injection sites

Stop Signs - Discontinue if:

  • Severe injection site reactions or persistent inflammation
  • Signs of systemic allergic reaction (rash, breathing difficulty)
  • Unexpected cardiovascular symptoms during treatment
  • Any signs of infection at injection sites

Contraindications

  • Active chemotherapy treatment
  • Severe systemic allergies to peptides

Quality Checklist

Good Signs

  • Clear, colorless solution when reconstituted
  • Proper sterile packaging with intact seals
  • Certificate of analysis showing >98% purity
  • Appropriate molecular weight confirmed via HPLC/MS

Warning Signs

  • Room temperature storage claims—legitimate product requires refrigeration after reconstitution

Bad Signs

  • Cloudy or discolored solution indicating degradation
  • Crystallization after reconstitution suggesting improper storage

References

  • Phase II Dry Eye Clinical Trial
    (2015)

    72 subjects showing significant positive effects on ocular discomfort and corneal staining with excellent safety profile.

  • Phase I Human Safety Study: Intravenous Thymosin β4
    (2010)

    First-in-human study establishing safety and pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers with no dose-limiting toxicity.

  • Cardiac Protection Pilot Study: Thymosin β4 in STEMI Patients
    (2016)

    First human study in heart attack patients demonstrating potential clinical benefits in repairing damaged tissue.

  • Neurotrophic Keratopathy Compassionate Use Trial
    (2010)

    Complete clearing of persistent corneal defects in most subjects using topical formulation.

Related Peptides

TB-500 synergistic

TB-500 is the bioactive fragment of Thymosin β4. Combined use provides full-length peptide benefits plus concentrated bioactive effects.

BPC-157 synergistic

Complementary healing mechanisms—Tβ4 promotes cell migration and angiogenesis while BPC-157 enhances gastric protection.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational and research purposes only. Consult a healthcare professional before use.