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Thymosin Alpha 1

Well Studied

Synthetic Thymic Hormone | Immune System Modulator

Dose 1.6mg per injection (standard dose across all protocols)
Frequency 2x weekly (e.g., Monday and Thursday) for standard immune support
Cycle 6 months continuous for therapeutic protocols
Storage Use immediately after reconstitution or refrigerate up to 2 hours
Accumulation Plotter

Thymosin Alpha 1 is a synthetic 28-amino acid peptide identical to naturally occurring thymic hormone, studied in 11,000+ patients across 30+ clinical trials with less than 1% serious adverse events. Approved in 35+ countries for immune modulation.

Mechanism of Action

Activates TLR pathways, enhances T-cell maturation, stimulates NK cells, and modulates dendritic cell function via systemic circulation. Injectable route achieves 90-95% bioavailability with 2-hour peak time.

Key Benefits

  • Primary FDA-studied route with extensive clinical validation
  • Maximum immune modulation through systemic circulation
  • Established dosing from 35+ countries of clinical use
  • Exceptional safety profile (<1% serious adverse events)
  • Reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines 40-60%
  • Approved in 35+ countries
Molecular Weight
3,108 Da
Chain Length
28 amino acids
Type
Acetylated polypeptide
Amino Acid Sequence
One-letter: ?SDAAVDTSSEITTKDLKEKKEVVEEAEN
H₂N
H
? 1
O ‖ C
N
S 2
O ‖ C
N
D 3
O ‖ C
N
A 4
O ‖ C
N
A 5
O ‖ C
N
V 6
O ‖ C
N
D 7
O ‖ C
N
T 8
O ‖ C
N
S 9
O ‖ C
N
S 10
O ‖ C
N
E 11
O ‖ C
N
I 12
O ‖ C
N
T 13
O ‖ C
N
T 14
O ‖ C
N
K 15
O ‖ C
N
D 16
O ‖ C
N
L 17
O ‖ C
N
K 18
O ‖ C
N
E 19
O ‖ C
N
K 20
O ‖ C
N
K 21
O ‖ C
N
E 22
O ‖ C
N
V 23
O ‖ C
N
V 24
O ‖ C
N
E 25
O ‖ C
N
E 26
O ‖ C
N
A 27
O ‖ C
N
E 28
O ‖ C
N
N 29
COOH
Ac
1

Ac

Position 1

Ser
2

Serine

Position 2

Asp
3

Aspartic Acid

Position 3

Ala
4

Alanine

Position 4

Ala
5

Alanine

Position 5

Val
6

Valine

Position 6

Asp
7

Aspartic Acid

Position 7

Thr
8

Threonine

Position 8

Ser
9

Serine

Position 9

Ser
10

Serine

Position 10

Glu
11

Glutamic Acid

Position 11

Ile
12

Isoleucine

Position 12

Thr
13

Threonine

Position 13

Thr
14

Threonine

Position 14

Lys
15

Lysine

Position 15

Asp
16

Aspartic Acid

Position 16

Leu
17

Leucine

Position 17

Lys
18

Lysine

Position 18

Glu
19

Glutamic Acid

Position 19

Lys
20

Lysine

Position 20

Lys
21

Lysine

Position 21

Glu
22

Glutamic Acid

Position 22

Val
23

Valine

Position 23

Val
24

Valine

Position 24

Glu
25

Glutamic Acid

Position 25

Glu
26

Glutamic Acid

Position 26

Ala
27

Alanine

Position 27

Glu
28

Glutamic Acid

Position 28

Asn
29

Asparagine

Position 29

N-terminus C-terminus
Hydrophobic
Polar
Positive (+)
Negative (-)
Modified

Immunity

  • Primary Immunodeficiencies

    FDA orphan designation for DiGeorge syndrome; restores T-cell function.

  • Vaccine Enhancement

    Improved antibody responses in elderly and hemodialysis patients (H1N1, COVID-19).

  • HIV/AIDS Support

    Restores CD4+ counts and reduces opportunistic infections.

Inflammation

  • Cytokine Reduction

    Reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 by 40-60%.

  • Hepatitis B/C Support

    Enhanced antiviral efficacy when combined with interferon.

  • Autoimmune Conditions

    Helps manage inflammatory autoimmune conditions.

Recovery

  • Post-Surgical Immune Restoration

    Restores immune function after surgical stress.

  • Exercise-Induced Immunosuppression

    Manages immune suppression from intense training.

Anti-Aging

  • Thymic Regeneration Support

    Supports thymus gland function with aging.

  • Immune Senescence Delay

    Delays age-related immune decline in elderly populations.

Subcutaneous injection is the primary route with 90-95% bioavailability. Standard dosing is 1.6mg twice weekly.

GoalDoseFrequencyRoute
Standard immune support1.6mg2x weeklySubQ
Acute conditions (sepsis)1.6mg2x daily for 5 days, then dailySubQ/IM
Cancer/hepatitis support1.6mg2x weeklySubQ
Maintenance/prevention1.6mg2x weeklySubQ

Reconstitution Instructions

Materials Needed:
  • Thymosin Alpha 1 lyophilized powder
  • Sterile water (1.0mL)
  • Insulin syringes
  • Alcohol swabs
  1. 1 Clean work surface thoroughly
  2. 2 Add 1.0mL sterile water slowly to lyophilized powder
  3. 3 Inject water down vial side (avoid direct powder contact)
  4. 4 Gently swirl until fully dissolved (never shake)
  5. 5 Final concentration: 1.6mg/mL
  6. 6 Use immediately or refrigerate up to 2 hours
Immunosuppressive Agents

Fatal graft rejection risk in transplant patients - contraindicated.

avoid
Corticosteroids

Pharmacodynamic antagonism possible.

monitor
Interferon-α

Enhanced antiviral efficacy in hepatitis treatment.

synergistic
Vaccines

Enhances vaccine immunogenicity.

compatible
Chemotherapy

Protective against bone marrow damage.

compatible
Week 1-2

Initial immune system activation

Week 2-6

Enhanced immune function, reduced infection risk

Week 6-12

Maximum immunomodulatory benefits

Week 12+

Sustained immune support with continued use

Common Side Effects

  • Mild injection site reactions (<10% incidence)
  • Generally well-tolerated with exceptional safety record

Stop Signs - Discontinue if:

  • Signs of graft rejection in transplant recipients
  • Persistent injection site reactions or infection signs
  • Unusual immune system hyperactivity
  • Severe allergic reactions (rare)

Contraindications

  • Organ transplant recipients (risk of graft rejection)
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Good Signs

  • White, fluffy lyophilized powder filling vial bottom
  • Crystal clear solution after reconstitution (no particles/cloudiness)
  • Professional pharmaceutical labeling with batch numbers, expiration

Warning Signs

  • Minor powder compaction during shipping (acceptable if dissolves cleanly)

Bad Signs

  • Yellow, brown, or collapsed powder (heat/moisture degradation)
  • Persistent cloudiness or particles post-reconstitution
  • Non-professional sourcing or unclear labeling
  • COVID-19 Treatment Study
    (2020)

    30% vs 11% mortality reduction in severe cases; lymphocyte restoration.

  • TESTS Phase 3 Sepsis Trial
    (2020)

    1,106 patients; mixed overall results but subgroup benefits in elderly/diabetic populations.

  • Cytokine Storm Mitigation Study
    (2020)

    40-60% reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6).

  • Comprehensive Safety Review
    (2024)

    11,000+ patients, 30+ trials; <1% serious adverse events.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational and research purposes only. Consult a healthcare professional before use.