SS-31
Mitochondrial-Targeted Peptide | Cardiolipin Protector
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is an aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that selectively binds to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, preventing lipid peroxidation and optimizing electron transport chain function for enhanced cellular energy production.
Mechanism of Action
Selectively binds to cardiolipin in inner mitochondrial membrane, preventing lipid peroxidation and optimizing electron transport chain function. This improves ATP production and reduces oxidative damage at the mitochondrial level.
Key Benefits
- Directly protects mitochondria
- Improves cellular energy production (ATP)
- Reduces oxidative damage
- Enhances exercise capacity
- Excellent safety profile in clinical trials
- Cardioprotective effects
Mitochondrial
- Enhanced ATP Production
Optimizes electron transport chain function for improved cellular energy.
- Oxidative Stress Reduction
Prevents cardiolipin peroxidation and reduces mitochondrial oxidative damage.
- Mitochondrial Disease Support
Significant improvements in 6-minute walk test and fatigue scores in PMM patients.
Cardiovascular
- Cardiac Protection
Reduces cardiac injury markers and improves mitochondrial function in surgical patients.
- Heart Failure Support
Reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury and supports cardiac function.
- Exercise Tolerance
Enhanced exercise capacity and reduced fatigue.
Anti-Aging
- Age-Related Muscle Function
Reversed age-related decline in muscle function in animal studies.
- Cognitive Protection
Neuroprotective effects demonstrated in Alzheimer's models.
- Cellular Rejuvenation
Supports overall cellular health through mitochondrial optimization.
Subcutaneous or intravenous injection. SS-31 dissolves readily and should be protected from light due to photosensitivity.
| Goal | Dose | Frequency | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| General mitochondrial support | 5-10mg | Once daily | SubQ |
| Athletic performance | 10-20mg | Once daily pre-workout | SubQ |
| Clinical protocols | 40mg | Once daily | SubQ or IV |
| Acute cardioprotection | 0.25mg/kg/hr | Continuous infusion | IV |
Reconstitution Instructions
- SS-31 peptide vial
- Bacteriostatic water or saline
- Insulin syringes (for SubQ)
- Alcohol prep pads
- Sterile filter (optional for IV)
- Amber vials (light protection)
- 1 Clean vial with alcohol pad
- 2 Add 1-2mL bacteriostatic water per 10mg peptide
- 3 Gently swirl to dissolve (dissolves readily)
- 4 Verify clear, colorless solution
- 5 Optional: sterile filtration for IV use
- 6 Label with concentration and date
- 7 Store immediately at 2-8°C
- 8 Protect from light - use amber vials if available
Both support mitochondrial function through different mechanisms.
Both are mitochondrial peptides with complementary mechanisms.
May work together to protect cellular function.
Different mechanisms; no conflicts.
BPC-157 focuses on tissue repair while SS-31 targets cellular energetics.
Both cardioprotective via different pathways.
Subtle energy improvements, reduced fatigue
Better exercise endurance, faster recovery
Improved stamina, clearer thinking, better sleep
Significant exercise capacity improvements
Sustained energy, potential biomarker changes
Common Side Effects
- Excellent safety profile in clinical trials
- No significant side effects reported at therapeutic doses
- Mild injection site reactions possible
- Safe for long-term use based on current data
Stop Signs - Discontinue if:
- Severe injection site reactions
- Allergic reaction signs (rash, breathing difficulty)
- Unusual fatigue or weakness (paradoxical reaction)
- Cardiovascular symptoms
- Severe headaches or vision changes
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to peptides
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding (limited data)
Good Signs
- Pharmaceutical grade (>98% purity required for clinical applications)
- Clear, colorless solution after reconstitution
- Certificate of Analysis available
- Proper cold chain maintenance
Warning Signs
- Light sensitive - protect from exposure using amber vials
- Solution pH should be 6.5-7.5 (physiological range)
Bad Signs
- Yellow or brown discoloration indicates degradation
- Cloudy solution or visible particles
- Improper storage conditions
- Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy Phase 2 Trial(2018)
40mg daily for 12 weeks in 36 patients showed significant improvements in 6-minute walk test and fatigue scores with excellent safety profile.
- Cardioprotection in Heart Failure Study(2019)
0.25mg/kg/hr infusion during cardiac surgery reduced cardiac injury markers and improved mitochondrial function.
- Age-Related Muscle Dysfunction Study(2020)
8 weeks in aged mice reversed age-related decline in muscle function, increased ATP production, and reduced oxidative stress.
- Barth Syndrome Clinical Trial(2021)
Phase 3 trial with 40mg daily for 48 weeks showed trends toward cardiac improvement in this rare mitochondrial disorder.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational and research purposes only. Consult a healthcare professional before use.